Category Archives: CoQ10

CoQ10 Increases Osteoblasts and Decreases Resorption in Rats

Abstract

Coenzyme Q10 promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation and protects against ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat‑soluble vitamin‑like substance used for the treatment of a variety of disorders, including osteoporosis. The exact mechanism underlying CoQ10‑mediated protection against osteoporosis remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of CoQ10 on osteoblastic cell proliferation and differentiation, and therapeutic effects on a rat model of osteoporosis. Following treatment with different concentrations of CoQ10, cell proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), and expression of osteoblastogenic markers, were measured. Rats with osteoporosis subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) were treated with different concentrations of CoQ10. Serum levels of estrogen and bone metabolism markers were measured. Micro computed tomography scans were used to analyze morphological changes in bones. In addition, mRNA and protein levels of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5‑trisphosphate 3‑phosphatase and dual‑specificity protein phosphatase PTEN (PTEN)/phosphatidylinositol 4,5‑bisphosphate 3‑kinase (PI3K)/RAC‑alpha serine/threonine‑protein kinase(AKT), were determined. CoQ10 significantly increased the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in a dose‑dependent manner, with an increased expression of osteogenic markers. CoQ10 significantly decreased bone resorption but exhibited no effect on serum E2 levels in vivo. CoQ10 markedly enhanced bone formation. Furthermore, the abundance of p‑PI3K and p‑AKT increased while PTEN levels decreased in a dose‑dependent manner following administration of CoQ10. CoQ10 stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs and is effective for the treatment of OVX‑induced osteoporosis in rats. The above effects of CoQ10 may be mediated by activation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.

Zheng D, Cui C, Yu M, Li X…
Mol Med Rep Oct 2017
PMID: 29115467

CoQ10 Inhibits Osteoclasts and Enhances Osteoblasts In Vitro

Abstract

Coenzyme q10 regulates osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation.

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a powerful antioxidant, is a key component in mitochondrial bioenergy transfer, generating energy in the form of ATP. Many studies suggest that antioxidants act as inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis and we also have previously demonstrated the inhibitory effect of CoQ10 on osteoclast differentiation. Despite the significance of this effect, the molecular mechanism when CoQ10 is present at high concentrations in bone remodeling still remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of CoQ10 on osteoclastogenesis and its impact on osteoblastogenesis at concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 μM. We found that nontoxic CoQ10 markedly attenuated the formation of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells in both bone-marrow-derived monocytes (BMMs) and RAW 264.7 cells. Osteoclastogenesis with CoQ10 was significantly suppressed the gene expression of NFATc1, TRAP, and osteoclast-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor, which are genetic markers of osteoclast differentiation and scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species, an osteoclast precursor, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, CoQ10 strongly suppressed H2 O2 -induced IκBα, p38 signaling pathways for osteoclastogenesis. In bone formation study, CoQ10 acted to enhance the induction of osteoblastogenic biomarkers including alkaline phosphatase, type 1 collagen, bone sialoprotein, osteoblast-specific transcription factor Osterix, and Runt-related transcription factor 2 and, also promoted matrix mineralization by enhancing bone nodule formation in a dose-dependent manner. Together, CoQ10 acts as an inhibitor of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and an enhancer of bone-forming osteoblast differentiation. These findings highlight the potential therapeutic applications of CoQ10 for the treatment of bone disease.

Moon HJ, Ko WK, Jung MS, Kim JH…
J. Food Sci. May 2013
PMID: 23582186

CoQ10, Selenite, and Curcumin, Inhibit Bone Resorption via Antioxidation

Abstract

Antioxidants, like coenzyme Q10, selenite, and curcumin, inhibited osteoclast differentiation by suppressing reactive oxygen species generation.

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), selenium, and curcumin are known to be powerful antioxidants. Osteoclasts are capable of resorbing mineralized bone and excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts causes bone loss-related diseases. During osteoclast differentiation, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) acts as a secondary messenger on signal pathways. In this study, we investigated whether antioxidants can inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through suppression of ROS generation and compared the relative inhibitory activities of CoQ10, sodium selenite, and curcumin on osteoclast differentiation. We found that antioxidants markedly inhibited the formation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells in both bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMMs) and RAW 264.7 cells. Antioxidants scavenged intracellular ROS generation within osteoclast precursors during RANKL-stimulated osteoclastogenesis. These also acted to significantly suppress the gene expression of NFATc1, TRAP, and osteoclast-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor (OSCAR), which are genetic markers of osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. These antioxidants also suppressed ROS-induced IκBα signaling pathways for osteoclastogenesis. Specially, curcumin displayed the highest inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation when concentrations were held constant. Together, CoQ10, selenite, and curcumin act as inhibitors of RANKL-induced NFATc1 which is a downstream event of NF-κB signal pathway through suppression of ROS generation, thereby suggesting their potential usefulness for the treatment of bone disease associated with excessive bone resorption.

Moon HJ, Ko WK, Han SW, Kim DS…
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. Feb 2012
PMID: 22252298