Glossary

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AKG -  AKG is a key intermediate in the Krebs cycle, and a precursor to hydroxyproline which is a key amino acid in bone collagen.
- Synonyms: alpha-ketoglutarate, alpha-Ketoglutaric acid, α-Ketoglutaric acid, 2-Oxopentanedioic acid, 2-Ketoglutaric acid, Oxoglutaric acid, 2-oxoglutarate
Cissus -  Cissus quadrangularis is perennial plant of the grape family. It is available as an herbal supplement.
- Synonyms: Cissus quadrangularis, Cissus quadrangularis L., Cissus quadrangularis Linn.
Coptisine -  Coptisine is an alkaloid found in Chinese goldthread and is related to berberine.
Diosgenin -  Diosgenin acts as a phytoestrogen and is present in Wild Yam and Fenugreek.
Equol -  Equol is an isoflavandiol metabolized from daidzein by intestinal bacteria. Equol is similar in structure to natural estrogens and may have estrogen effects.
- Synonyms: S-Equol
FOS -  Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are made up of plant sugars. They are used as prebiotics which stimulate the growth of Bifidobacteria species and possibly other friendly bacteria.
- Synonyms: Fructooligosaccharides, Fructooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharides, Beta-D-fructofuranosidase, Fructo Oligo Saccharides, Oligofructose, SC-FOS
Glabridin -  Glabridin is a chemical compound that is found in the root extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra). Glabridin is an isoflavane, a type of isoflavonoid.
GOS -  Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are a prebiotic non-digestible food ingredient that may increase beneficial bacteria in the colon.
- Synonyms: Galactooligosaccharide, Galactooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharide
Guduchi -  Guduchi is a herb containing Berberine.
- Synonyms: Tinospora cordifolia, Menispermaceae
Inulin -  Inulin is a type of dietary soluble fiber found in fruits and vegetables. It is a prebiotic that promotes the growth of intestinal bacteria.
- Synonyms: Beta(2-1)fructans, Chicory Extract, Chicory Inulin, Dahlia Extract, Dahlia Inulin
Myricetin -  Myricetin is a flavonoid found in grapes, berries, fruits, vegetables, herbs, as well as other plants. It is present in walnuts and red wine.
- Synonyms: Tinospora cordifolia, Menispermaceae
Osteocalcin -  Osteocalcin is a protein found in bone and dentin. Osteocalcin is secreted by osteoblasts. It is used as a marker for bone formation. Lower levels may be associated with osteoporosis.
- Synonyms: BGLAP
Palmatine -  Palmatine is a protoberberine alkaloid found in several plants including Phellodendron amurense, Rhizoma coptidis/Coptis Chinensis and Corydalis yanhusuo.
Phloridzin -  Phloretin is a flavonoid found exclusively in apples and in apple-derived products where it is present as the glucosidic form, namely, phloridzin (phloretin 2'-O-glucose).
- Synonyms: Phloretin
Saurolactam -  Saurolactam is an aristolactam-type alkaloid isolated from the aerial part of Saururus chinensis (Loureiro) Baillon (Saururaceae).
TMG -  Trimethylglycine (TMG) is also known as Betaine. TMG is available as a supplement and is sometimes used to lower homocysteine, along with folate and B12.
- Synonyms: betaine, trimethylglycine
Ukrain -  Ukrain is a semi-synthetic product containing Berberine alkaloids and the synthetic alkylating agent ThioTEPA.